IELTS · Qoʻllanmalar · 4-noyabr, 2026 · 6 daqiqa oʻqish
IELTS letter writing: rasmiy, yarim rasmiy va norasmiy xatlar, namunalar bilan
IELTS General Training da Writing Task 1 — bu taxminan 20 daqiqada yoziladigan kamida 150 ta soʻzli xat. Topshiriqda vaziyat tasvirlanadi va xatingiz qamrashi shart boʻlgan uchta band beriladi. Xat Academic Task 1 dagi toʻrtta mezon boʻyicha baholanadi, lekin bu yerda Task Achievement eng avvalo ikki narsaga bogʻliq: har bir bandni qamrash va yozayotgan odamingizga mos ohangni tanlash.
General Training odatda chet elga ishlash yoki koʻchib oʻtish uchun topshiriladi. Qaysi variant sizga kerakligini bilmasangiz, Academic va General Training farqi maqolasini oʻqing.
Topshiriq qanday koʻrinadi
You recently bought a household appliance online, but it stopped working after a week. Write a letter to the company. In your letter
- describe what you bought and when
- explain what is wrong with it
- say what you want the company to do
Write at least 150 words. You do NOT need to write any addresses. Begin your letter as follows: Dear ……………,
1-qadam: ohangni tanlang
Topshiriq oʻquvchi kimligini aytadi. Qolgan hamma narsa shunga bogʻliq.
| Ohang | Oʻquvchi | Boshlanishi | Yakuni | Uslub |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rasmiy | siz tanimaydigan odam: kompaniya, shahar kengashi, hech uchrashmagan rahbar | Dear Sir or Madam, | Yours faithfully, + toʻliq ism | qisqartmalarsiz, xushmuomala va bilvosita |
| Yarim rasmiy | taniydigan, lekin yaqin boʻlmagan odam: uy egasi, qoʻshni, rahbaringiz, oʻqituvchi | Dear Mr Patel, / Dear Ms Lee, | Yours sincerely, yoki Kind regards, + toʻliq ism | xushmuomala, biroz iliqroq, qisqartmalar kam |
| Norasmiy | doʻst yoki qarindosh | Dear Sam, / Hi Sam, | Best wishes, / Love, / See you soon, + ism | qisqartmalar, phrasal verb lar, shaxsiy ohang |
SMS ga oʻxshagan rasmiy xat yoki bankka shikoyatdek eshitiladigan norasmiy xat ingliz tili yaxshi boʻlsa ham ball yoʻqotadi.
Oʻzbek tilida «Hurmatli…» deb boshlash odat, shuning uchun koʻpchilik doʻstiga ham «Dear Sir» yoki juda rasmiy ohangda yozib qoʻyadi. Inglizcha norasmiy xatda bu gʻalati tuyuladi: doʻstga ism bilan murojaat qiling va jonli ohangda yozing.
2-qadam: har bir bandga bitta xatboshi
| Xatboshi | Mazmuni |
|---|---|
| Kirish gapi | Nima uchun yozayotganingiz (rasmiy) yoki samimiy birinchi gap (norasmiy) |
| 1-asosiy qism | 1-band |
| 2-asosiy qism | 2-band |
| 3-asosiy qism | 3-band |
| Yakunlovchi gap | Keyin nima kutayotganingiz yoki samimiy xayrlashuv |
Har bir band tafsilotlar bilan rivojlantirilishi kerak: sanalar, joylar, sabablar. Imtihon oluvchi xatni u kimga yozilgan boʻlsa, oʻsha odam sifatida oʻqiydi: u sizga aynan nima kerakligini tushunadimi?
Yarim rasmiy xat
Topshiriq: Your neighbour’s tree has grown over the fence and is blocking light to your garden. Write a letter to your neighbour. In your letter: describe the problem, explain how it affects you, suggest what could be done.
Dear Mr Collins,
I hope you are well. I am writing about the large apple tree on your side of our shared fence, which I wanted to mention before the spring.
Over the last two years, the branches have grown well over the fence, and they now cover almost half of my back garden. In the autumn, a lot of fruit and leaves also fell onto my side, and I had to clear them several times a week.
The main issue is the shade. I grow vegetables in that part of the garden, and last summer most of them failed because they did not get enough sunlight. My children also used to play on the lawn there, but it has become quite damp.
Would you be willing to have the overhanging branches cut back? I would be happy to share the cost of a gardener, and early March would be ideal, before the tree comes into leaf.
Kind regards, Daniel Morris
Salomlashish va xayrlashishsiz 154 ta soʻz. Xushmuomala va aniq, qisqartmalarsiz, taklif esa savol shaklida berilgan.
Norasmiy xat
Topshiriq: A friend is going to visit the city where you live for a weekend. Write a letter to your friend. In your letter: recommend a place to visit, suggest something to eat, give advice about getting around.
Hi Maya,
I’m so glad you’re finally coming! It’s a shame I’ll be away that weekend, but I’ve put together a few tips so you can make the most of it.
First of all, you can’t leave without going to the old harbour. It’s lovely early in the morning, before the crowds arrive, and there’s a little market on Saturdays where you can pick up some great souvenirs.
As for food, you have to try the fish soup. Most places along the harbour serve it, but my favourite is a tiny family restaurant called Marina’s, just behind the lighthouse. It’s cheap and always packed, so get there before seven.
Getting around is easy. Don’t bother hiring a car, as parking is a nightmare. The trams run every ten minutes, and a weekend pass costs next to nothing. Everything in the centre is within walking distance anyway.
Have a brilliant time, and send me lots of photos!
Love, Ana
Salomlashish va xayrlashishsiz 154 ta soʻz. Qisqartmalar, phrasal verb lar (pick up, put together) va suhbatdosh ohang — norasmiy xatga aynan shular kerak.
Bunday topshiriq imtihonda tushsa, oʻz shahringiz haqida yozing: masalan, Buxorodagi eski shahar, palov va shahar boʻylab qanday yurish haqida maslahat berish mumkin. Taom yoki joy nomini yozganingizda uni bir iborada tushuntiring.
Rasmiy shikoyat xati namunasi Writing Task 1 qoʻllanmasida.
Keng tarqalgan xatolar
- Bandni oʻtkazib yuborish yoki uni yarim gapda qamrash. Uchala bandning tagiga chizing va har birini belgilab chiqing.
- Ohanglarni aralashtirish: Dear Sir or Madam bilan Cheers, yoki Dear Mr Collins dan keyin Yours faithfully.
- Manzil yozish. Topshiriqda ular kerak emasligi aytilgan va ular vaqtni oladi.
- Topshiriqni koʻchirish: I am writing to describe the problem and explain how it affects me. Oʻz soʻzlaringiz bilan ifodalang yoki toʻgʻridan-toʻgʻri mazmundan boshlang.
- 150 ta soʻzdan ancha oshib ketish. 150 dan 190 gacha soʻz yetarli; uzun xat ikki baravar qimmatroq boʻlgan Task 2 ga kamroq vaqt qoldiradi.
- Oʻzbek tilida soʻzlashuvchilarga xos xatolar: artiklsiz otlar («I bought washing machine»), vaqt predloglari («in Monday» emas, «on Monday»; «at 14 September» emas, «on 14 September») va present perfect bilan past simple aralashishi («I have bought it last week» emas, «I bought it last week»).
Mashq xonasida mashq qiling
Toʻrt mezon boʻyicha band va izohlar beriladigan xat topshiriqlari:
- Rasmiy: A faulty product, Applying for a job
- Yarim rasmiy: Repairs in your flat, Asking to attend a course
- Norasmiy: A friend’s wedding, Recommending a place
Mashq bepul boshlanadi.
Koʻp beriladigan savollar
«Yours sincerely» toʻgʻrimi yoki «Yours faithfully»? Dear Sir or Madam bilan boshlasangiz — Yours faithfully; odamning ismini ishlatsangiz — Yours sincerely. Yarim rasmiy xatlarda Kind regards ham mos keladi.
Sana yoki mavzu qatori kerakmi? Yoʻq. Dear… bilan boshlang va xayrlashuv hamda ismingiz bilan tugating.
Tafsilotlarni oʻylab topsam boʻladimi? Ha, va shunday qilish kerak. Ismlar, sanalar, joylar va sabablar xatni ishonarli qiladi va Task Achievement ga yordam beradi.
Xat uchun qancha soʻz kerak? Kamida 150 ta. 150–190 ta soʻz yetarli: uchala bandga joy bor, Task 2 ga esa vaqt qoladi.
Xat Academic da ham boʻladimi? Yoʻq. Academic Task 1 da grafik, jadval, xarita yoki jarayon tasvirlanadi; xat faqat General Training da.
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